Impacto de diferentes programas de exercícios no equilíbrio de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson - uma revisão comentada

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, progressive and insidious onset. The first clinical symptoms of PD arise when there is a loss of approximately 60 to 80% of dopamine-producing cells. Movement disorders are typical of PD and can severely compromise the individual's ability to perform some motor skills, among these, we highlight the change in postural control. With the progression of PD, the deterioration of postural control becomes more evident, contributing to a reduction in functional independence, mobility and increased susceptibility to falls. The high incidence of falls in this population is particularly notable in several studies. Consequently, the falls can result in a substantial part of morbidity and mortality, providing a huge impact on the health of people with PD. Given the significant complications associated with falls, physical therapy has been indicated as an important adjunct to drug therapy and to improve the balance deficit in this population. Moreover, it has often been demonstrated in the literature the benefits gained through the regular practice of physical activity, especially in the early stages of PD. Based on this information, the purpose of this study is, through an annotated literature review, identify and highlight the types of exercises used in training on balance in individuals with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Were included in this survey five articles, which were read in their entirety. The data presented in the literature reviewed showed that, despite the heterogeneity of interventions (type, intensity, frequency and duration), balance training in individuals with mild to moderate PD suggest there are benefits in the balance of such individuals.