Alterações biomecânicas na fasceíte plantar

Abstract

The plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the plantar fascia usually located in the medial tubercle of the calcaneus, where it originates. Despite being a common foot condition, its etiology is not well understood. It is believed that biomechanical factors and overuse of the lower limbs may be correlated with the appearance of this pathology. Conservative treatment has a good success rate in approximately 95% of cases. However, to achieve success in the conservative treatment is necessary the knowledge of the causative factors for plantar fasciitis then choose the most effective treatment and thereby minimize the chance of recurrence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the literature to describe the biomechanical changes that may contribute to the onset of plantar fasciitis. The reviewed literature has observed that one of the main factors associated with the development of plantar fasciitis is hyperpronation the subtalar joint. This excessive movement of the subtalar joint, in turn, can be caused by different factors such as the presence of varus alignment of the foot in both the forefoot and rearfoot, varus tibia, decreased mobility of dorsiflexion, instability of 1 ° radius, the discre pancy between limbs, muscle weakness and shortening these biomechanical changes can cause an overload of the plantar fascia during gait