Processos e percursos da institucionalização da área de português como língua de acolhimento em Portugal e no Brasil

Abstract

Based on the theoretical framework of the History of Linguistic Ideas (AUROUX, 1989, 1992; GUIMARÃES; ORLANDI, 1996; ORLANDI, 2001), as carried out in Brazil in its exchange with the materialist analysis device of the Discourse Analysis (ORLANDI, 2015; PÊCHEUX, 1997c, 2002), this doctoral dissertation aims to analyze and discuss the processes and paths of institutionalization of the subarea of Portuguese as an Additional Language (PLA) designated as Portuguese as a Welcoming/Host Language (PLAc). Beyond an inventory and descriptive study, in our analyses, we seek to problematize the ideas, as well as the theoretical conceptions in circulation in this field. As PLAc is generally established as a designation originating from a Portuguese tradition of using the term welcoming/host language as a result of a language policy of the Portuguese State, we focus on its institutionalization both in Portugal and Brazil. Our objectives involve: a) identifying the main processes and pathways in the institutionalization of PLAc in Portugal and Brazil; b) examining the main conceptions that are sedimented regarding the conceptualization of the term PLAc in the literature on language teaching in both countries; c) understanding to what extent the processes, paths, and events that mark the development of the institutionalization of PLAc in the European and Brazilian contexts are distant or close; d) analyze the discursive relationship between the host language and the national/official language and its possible impacts on the institutionalization of PLAc. To this end, we carried out a discursive analysis of undergraduate thesis, theses, and dissertations – considered linguistic instruments (AUROUX, 1992, 2009) – on welcoming/host language/PLAc developed in Portugal and Brazil between 2001 and 2020. Through this work, we were able to perceive that the designation PLAc is not necessarily born with the institution of the Portugal Acolhe - Português para Todos Program and that the discourses about PLAc in Portugal and Brazil take place in different production conditions which, in turn, generate subjectivizations of the working migrant, in the European country, or of the migrant in crisis, in particular the refugee, in Brazilian instruments. Furthermore, we observed a gesture of authorship by Brazil about PLAc by coining the acronym itself and developing different designations from it, in addition to promoting specific gestures of interpretation that build the reality of Brazil as a legitimate place for the construction of knowledge about the theme. Finally, we discuss the different statutes that the term receives – language, concept, approach, term, among others – and the relationship it maintains with the official and national dimensions of the Portuguese language in the two countries in question.