A movimentação de bovinos e equinos no Brasil no âmbito da defesa sanitária animal

Abstract

Epidemiology is a basic science that can support the design, implementation, evaluation, and decision-making on epidemiological surveillance strategies and actions. Knowledge of the national epidemiological profile, through its indices and animal movement, is fundamental in understanding zoosanitary information and in health planning. For this purpose, the present work verified the capillarity of the surveillance system of the Brazilian official veterinary service, created indices, and evaluated the usefulness of spatial analyzes in the context of epidemiological surveillance. To verify the patterns, analyzes of local indicators of spatial association (LISA) were carried out from the data contained in the National System of Zoosanitary Information (SIZ). These analyzes can be important tools for understanding the epidemiological situation and the control and prevention actions to be adopted, based on the geographic evidence presented. The evaluation of the movement of animals through the analysis of data from the Animal Transit Guides showed that more animals are transported in the regions that have the largest herd, and the Brazilian Midwest represents a very large influence on the national profile. State-level analyzes are important to remove this population influence, which must also be evaluated at the priority points of action for each state of the federation. In conjunction with the spatial analysis, the correlations of quality indices and structure of the service with the notification of diseases were verified. The result showed that bovine Brucellosis and Tuberculosis have a positive correlation with the official veterinary structure available in the country. Improvements in the structure can reflect in the increase of the notification rates, as well as in the quality of its information.