Predicação autonômica: uma abordagem enunciativa

Abstract

Grammatical studies generally defend that verb of nature phenomena are classified as impersonal, not accepting the determination of subject in the sentences in which they participate. In these studies, the argument that sustains this classification is that there is no "entity" that is attached to occurrences of the type "it rained a lot today". In cases like "it rained applauses", the argument for the occurrence of the subject (applause) would be in the figurative character of the verb, according to conventional views. Focusing on the group of verbs that represent "phenomena of nature", we developed a semantic enunciative study of the syntactical relations of verbs such as "rain", "snow", "thunder", "lightning", "wind", among others. In this paper, the fundamentals of predication we discussed, showing that sentences constituted by these verbs present a predication of enunciative character, corresponding to the syntactic subject. Based in Ducrot (1984) and Guimarães (2002), the theoretical apparatus of this work is substantiated in the semantics of enunciation developed by Dias (2018) from the concept of nominal formation, constituted in the relation of the enunciative memorable (historical referential) with the demand of the present of the enunciation (enunciative pertinence). Considering these grounds, Dias (2022) establishes that the predication of a sentence occurs when a nominal formation removes the verb from the infinitive. Supported by this conception, we propose that sentences consisting of "nature phenomenon" verbs perform an autonomic predication. In this sense, the concept of "autonomic predication" applies to verbs that have the ability to incorporate this nominal formation. To concretize this proposal, we used the operative device of theoreticalmethodological order called "enunciative network" (DIAS, 2018), a procedure of systematic organization of data with a view to the study of linguistic relations from the point of view of enunciation. In this way, our analyses show that, for example, in "it rains", we have an “autonomic predication”, because the nominal formation "rain", which removes the verb from the infinitive, is incorporated into the verb.