Estratégias baseadas em evidências para auxiliar o estomizado na retomada de sua sexualidade

Abstract

Surgical interventions that result in the making of a stoma are potentially accompanied by changes in various spheres of life of that individual, including the experience of their sexuality. However, it is noticed that in ostomy care, sexuality is an area rarely addressed in treatment plans by health professionals. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the difficulties presented by the ostomy experience of their sexuality and establish evidence-based strategies to assist them in the recovery of the same. Used the evidence-based practice (EBP) as a theoretical and methodological framework as metasynthesis. Studies were identified by searching the website of the Virtual Health Library, which included publications indexed in LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, BDENF and COCHRANE, ranging from 2002 to 2012. The four qualitative studies that composed the sample were classified according to their general characteristics, applying the criteria of the instrument Critical Appraisal Skills Programs, CASP. The studies identified that among the most frequent difficulties for the resumption of the ostomy sexuality, is: the lack of support or rejection of the partner, the absence of a solid relationship, anatomical or mutilation of sexual organs and living 's disease. In relation to the proposals for coping with sexuality, it was found in studies: the quality of relationships; support from spouses or partners, the use of management techniques stoma, and the use of some modifications in the sexual repertoire are essential for the resumption of sexuality. It was also observed that in many situations the sexual act becomes secondary and may be replaced by feelings of love, affection, companionship and even religious activities. Face ao exposto, verifica-se que tanto o estomizado quanto o seu parceiro sexual necessitam de informações a respeito de sua sexualidade. Diante disso, é essencial que os profissionais de saúde estejam atentos às reações destas pessoas, tendo em consideração todas estas especificidades na prestação de cuidados de saúde.