Avaliação de vulnerabilidade e de possibilidades de superação da violência na atenção primária em saúde

Abstract

Objective to assess the phenomenon of violence among the users of Primary Health Care (PHC) in Ribeirão das Neves, MG throw the identification of the most vulnerable group to suffer violence and getting to know the methods for preventing violence conceived by them. Methods A sample of 629 reports of PHC users (3.71% error and 1.4% loss) was analyze, regarding experiences of violence (violence suffered/witnessed). The IBM SPSS (Version 19) was used for the descriptive and segmentation analyses. A categorical content analysis of responses to the question "how is it possible to prevent violence” was made in an intentional selected sample of 350 answers, which were categorized and grouped by themes. Results Clusters were define by the set of variables related to coexistence (cluster 1) and victimization (cluster2) by violence, and then they were associated with sociodemographic variables, the variables age, family income, education and employment status. There is a greater frequency of violence on individuals above 60 years with low income (earning up to 1 minimum wage), with low education (illiterate, elementary school) and no work activity, indicating a situation of vulnerability cluster 2. In the qualitative analyses three groups of preventing violence solutions were identify by respondents: 1.Government action (public safety polices, strict laws, educational policies, work and leisure, access to goods and services). 2. Social change (Strengthening families, empowerment and recognition of individuals as subjects and dialogue). 3. Individual changes (avoid situations that promote violence and religion and faith). Final Thoughts We could identify the elderly, low income and few years of study as the most vulnerable group to suffer non-fatal violence. Beyond that, we could identify that the population concepts of violence prevention are very similar to what was describe in the literature. There is a challenge to the district to embrace cases and prevent non-fatal violence. As a suggestion, we recommend the public-population partnership to be strength for building, in a collaborative way, a violence prevention program.