Mobilidade urbana e direito à cidade: controvérsias e caixas-pretas

Abstract

This research aims to demonstrate the hypothesis that mobility planning is at a crossroads between demand, constructed through the process of its institutionalization, the incorporation of consolidated indicators with scientific and technical bases and, on the other hand, the increasing pressure of social movements by expanding their approach from the perspective of the Right to the City. It seeks to understand how the issues pertinent to the Right to the City are incorporated in the planning of urban mobility and the verification of the feasibility of translating the Right to the City into social indexes that consider mobility in its composition. For this purpose, we used content analysis of publications and plans, interviews with actors involved in planning or social movements, comparative analysis and case study, explaining and examining the controversies and black boxes present in the relationship between urban mobility and the Right to the City. The structure of the work is organized from a dialectical structure that highlights the existing opposition between the scientificity of the indicators and the idea of Right to the City through two distinct axes: one that investigates the imbrication between the Right to the City and mobility; another that analyzes the use of Indicators in Urban Mobility. In this sense, four chapters compose this Dissertation. After the first chapter dealing with operational concepts, methods, sources and corpora, the second seeks to demonstrate the recent association between Right to the City and urban mobility in scientific debate and in the agendas of social movements. The third chapter analyzes the indicators considered in the public policies of urban mobility of seven Brazilian cities and demonstrates the tenuous relationship they establish with urban planning and the absence of the Right to the City in these cities. The fourth and final chapter evaluates how social indicators that approach the idea of Right to the City implicit in urban reform incorporate accessibility and mobility. Throughout this work, the fragility of the link between technique and politics, scientificity and social pressure involving the construction of public policies in urban mobility is evidenced and the obstacles and setbacks that constitute this relationship are explained.