Análise das diferenças quanto a ocupação, rendimentos e "desperdício de cérebro" entre mulheres brasileiras e imigrantes internacionais em determinadas empresas no mercado de trabalho brasileiro

Abstract

This work has as its central focus the comparative analysis of the socioeconomic and occupational situation between international immigrant women and brazilian women inserted in some specific companies in the brazilian formal labor market, in the year 2017. The main purpose is to identify whether and how ethnic/national origins impact the occupational situation of immigrant and native women in the brazilian labor market. Through data from the Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS) for 2017, the main nationalities of women from the global North (Portuguese, Japanese, North American, French, Italian) and the global South (Haitians, Paraguayans, Argentines, Bolivians, Uruguayans) within the labor market, through the time of residence, separating women who have lived for 10 years or less from those who have resided for 11 years or more in Brazil. They are compared with white or non-white brazilian women. The results demonstrate that ethnic/national origin of immigrants within the brazilian formal market can positively or negatively impact the socioeconomic and occupational situation of female workers, when compared to white or black brazilian women. Global North immigrants are in the best occupational situation, these women, are highly educated, better suited (except as Japanese) and manage to reach better occupational positions than natives, whether white or black. However, they are the ones that are most processed – with the waste of brains, for not being able to transfer the human capital acquired at origin, even after 11 years or more of residence in the country. In general, women from the global South even have, in most cases, intermediate or low education, getting better than brazilian women. These women also face overeducation, mainly after 11 years of residence in Brazil, but to a lesser extent than those in the global North. Only Haitians seek themselves in a worse situation when compared to brazilians. These immigrants face a market that offers opportunities and the best lows. It is worth noting that black brazilian women are in a worse situation compared to other native and immigrant women (except for Haitians).