A morte violenta : uma abordagem psicanalítica sobre seus diferentes modos de apresentação no laço social

Abstract

This thesis aimed to comprehend how the violent death presents itself in the relation between the subject and the social bond, considering the imaginary, symbolic and real dimensions from which Lacan approaches the freudian experience. Considering issues about the violent death of youth involved with criminality, it was proposed a theoretical investigation of the psychoanalytic contributions to the matter. It is presented the thesis that the violent death always carries two aspects: it holds destructive effects, but also constitutive ones for the culture and for the subjectivity. At the same time that the civilization interdicts the violent death, Freud asserts that this prohibition has its grounds in a repressed death desire. Furthermore, he uses the notion of death drive to situate the impossibility of eliminating the destructive impulses that run through the relationships between human beings. If, in a first moment, Lacan proposes a logic in which the Symbolic works as the regulatory instance, that limits the existent aggressiveness in the intersubjective relations, afterwards, with the borromean knot, it becomes possible to reorganize the relations between the registers. Thereby, it is used in this thesis the borromean topology to circumscribe three different forms of presenting the violent death in the social bond: a) an imaginarian modality, which focuses the intersubjective aspects, such as rivalry and recognition; b) an symbolic modality, which envisages the discursive determinations, such as the interdiction and the violence inside the law itself; and c) a real modality, which focuses what scapes from the imaginary significations and from the ordering propitiated by language. It is concluded that the violent death, taking in each one of the RSI consistencies, put in relation paradoxical elements – the right and the reverse side of the subjective and social responses –, such as aggressiveness and recognition, death drive and life drive, pacification and violence, the maximum catastrophe of an absolute destruction and a creative opening glimpsed by a minimal difference. Beyond the clinical dimension, the psychoanalytic elucidation of the different forms of violent death presentation enables a social discourse subversion of both criminality and the criminal person. When we point the systemic violence that exists above the visible violence in the quotidian of the youngsters who are involved in the drug trade, there is a chance of making vacillate the logic that penalizes and murder the outskirts juveniles, perpetuating the violence cycle.