Influência da espessura de restaurações cerâmicas a base de dissilicato de lítio para reabilitação oclusal de dentes posteriores: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Aesthetic and functional rehabilitations are treatments performed quite frequently in the daily clinic of the Dental Surgeon. For such interventions there are several materials cited in the literature, among them, amalgam, metal alloys, composite resins and dental ceramics. Ceramics have numerous advantages that integrate aesthetics and resistance, in addition to adhesion to dental tissues, however, it is the subject of a vast discussion regarding their mechanical resistance when it comes to minimally invasive works. The use of ceramic restorations in anterior teeth, submitted to reduced mechanical stress, when in satisfactory occlusal conditions, is widely cited in the literature, including in extremely conservative thicknesses. However, when it comes to posterior teeth, where occlusal loads are increased, thickness becomes a preponderant factor in the use of such materials. To clarify these doubts, the present study aims to review the literature regarding the influence of the thickness of lithium disilicate ceramics in posterior teeth on the fracture resistance of such restorations. A bibliographic survey of articles published in PubMed, Lilacs, Medline, Scielo and Portal de Periódicos CAPES in the last 10 years was carried out and, after reading the abstracts, the articles present in this work were selected. It is concluded that reduced thickness lithium disilicate ceramics should be used in posterior teeth with caution, given the importance of occlusal balance and possible parafunctional habits that are very common in our patients