O museu como ferramenta de reparação: apontamentos sobre as memórias do trauma, museus e direitos humanos

Abstract

From the end of the last century we have witnessed the consecration of a whole series of patrimonies related to the memories of catastrophes, wars, genocides, episodes of oppression, contexts of slavery, torture, suffering and allsorts of traumatic situations, violations of rights and violence of State that, from the claims of certain groups, assume a symbolic and memorialvalue. Sites of Consciousness, Museums for Peace, Museums of Traumatic Memories, Human Rights Museums, Museums of Difficult Memories, Memorials, we can find in the literature a series of nomenclatures through which we try to identify this "new" profile ofmuseums. Many of these institutions are created, from the perspective of a duty of memory. Generally by governments or transition groups after the period in which the situation of oppression or violation of rights has taken place. The present work presents the emergence of these institutions, having as a mark the period after thesecond great war, shows some ofthe spatial and museographic strategies common to them and finally brings a reflection on some of the ethical issues involved in the use of museumsas instruments of reparation.