Suporte nutricional e fluidoterápico, associados ou não à glutamina, em equinos submetidos `privação alimentar e realimentação

Abstract

With the objective of evaluating the effect of food deprivation and refeeding on the clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters of blood in horses submitted to exploratory laparotomy, 16 healthy adult horses, of mixed breed, aged between four and fourteen years and average weight were used. of 248.40 + 2.28 kg, divided into four groups, four animals per group. After an adaptation period, the animals were randomly divided into four experimental groups: Group I (ENTGL): enteral fluid therapy with electrolytes (5.7g NaCl; 3.78g NaHCO3; 0.37g KCl and 10g of glucose per liter of water) associated glutamine; Group II (PARGL): total parenteral nutrition associated with glutamine; Group III (ENTFL): enteral fluid therapy with electrolytes (5.7g NaCl; 3.78g NaHCO3; 0.37g KCl and 10g glucose per liter of water); Group IV (PARFL): parenteral fluid therapy. This study was divided into two phases: phase 1 and phase 2. Phase 1 consisted of fluid administration, according to the group, while phase 2 consisted of re-feeding the animals. In phase 2, the animals were re-fed with tifton hay, commercial concentrate and water. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4x6 factorial scheme (groups x collection time), with four replications, for hematological, blood gas and biochemical analyzes for each phase. For the clinical examination, the 4x12 factorial scheme (groups x collection time) was adopted for each phase. The data were tabulated in an Excel® spreadsheet and after a normality test, and aiming at the homoscedasticity of the samples, the numerical data referring to the blood count were converted by the Log (x + 1) and the proportional (differential) by the arc sine √x. The converted values were submitted to analysis of variance (Proc GLM) and their means compared by Duncan's test. All four experimental groups showed intestinal hypomotility and weight loss during the starvation phase that were corrected by refeeding. The inflammatory response characterized by neutrophilia and hyperfibrinogenemia was more pronounced in the PARGL group. Hyperglycemia during the starvation phase was observed in the PARFL and PARGL groups. Fasting hyperbilirubinemia was evident in all groups, with the exception of the PARGL group. There was a decrease in blood pH, bicarbonate concentration and base shift in the PARGL group, characterizing metabolic acidosis. There was no change in the electrophoretic profile of plasma proteins, except for the increase in the β2-globulin fraction. Pronounced elevation of triglyceride and VLDL concentration was observed in the PARGL group, when compared with the other groups. Aciduria and proteinuria was identified only in the PARGL group.