Cultura, midiatização e legitimidade cultural : processos de visibilidade e legitimação das práticas culturais dos moradores de regiões consideradas periféricas no Brasil

Abstract

This thesis undertook an analysis of Central da Periferia (Periphery Central) project, composed of two TV formats, Minha Periferia (My Periphery) and Central da Periferia (Periphery Central) shows, broadcasted by TV Globo in 2006 and presented by Regina Case. These shows were intended to present the daily life and emerging cultural production in the visited regions. In this research, we aim to understand how cultural practices of peripheral regions residents are discussed in the Central da Periferia project, what kind of value is attributed to these practices and what are the valorization criteria that underpin the legitimacy and uniqueness of these practices in its practitioners’ interaction. To do this, we performed two types of analysis: the contextual analysis and the interactional analysis. At first, we apprehend the program context from the media publications about them and we apprehend, through literature reviews, the representation modes associated with the so-called peripheries and their residents, as well as the place given to their cultural practices. In the interactional analysis, we take as corpus 16 emissions of Minha Periferia and 4 shows of Central da Periferia. We extract from these emissions the treatment of locally relevant issues, the interlocutors’ social positioning, the disputes for their social place reconfiguration, the construction of the place of emerging practices in the contemporary cultural scene, the relationships between these practices and other cultural practices, the arguments listed to give value to these practices and how the presenter Regina Case articulates and organizes the communicative situation. The key concepts of this research refers to the representation forms of the presented social groups, the discursive constructions that participate in the social positioning of these individuals and to recent debates about the place of their popular cultural practices. In the treatment of cultural practices, we rescued the British Cultural Studies discussion about the culture concept and the social character of the value assignment processes. About the classification processes and the cultural practices valuation, we recover the theory of cultural legitimacy produced by Pierre Bourdieu and we highlight its recent developments, readings and critiques. These revisions point to the appearance of a heterogeneity of legitimacy orders. In this context, we recognize the contemporary cultural scene as plural and diversified and we glimpse the emergence of new valorization criteria of cultural practices. Associated with this background, we point that society today, beyond technical questions, is affected in different ways by the media presence, reaching the interaction relationship forms and subscribing the media visibility as useful in shaping the contemporary issues and conflicts. In this respect, we recognize the media importance as participant in the visibility and valorization processes of cultural practices and also as a forum where claims and debates of social groups are acknowledged. In our analysis, we found resonance in both this instable scenario of authorities and the reformulation demands of the social place of certain groups, as we see cultural practices emerging as important elements of its time and of its prospects.