Demanda, disponibilidade e gestão de conflito hídrico na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Escuro

Abstract

Conflicts over water use occur with the growth of demand by different users of the same drainage basin or by changes in the local or regional hydrological cycle. With the aim of assuring to current and future generations the necessary availability of water, in adequate quality standards for the respective uses, the current federal legislation adopted, as one of the instruments for the management of water resources, the granting of the right to use water, which aims at the quantitative and qualitative control of water use. The granting of concessions is conditioned to the assessment of the water availability of the source, based on the reference flow of the drainage basin. The Escuro River Drainage Basin, which is part of the Paracatu River hydrographic circumscription (SF7), was declared by IGAM, in 2018, as in conflict over the use of water, with the need for regularization through collective granting. In this context, the present work aims to analyze the area of conflict for the use of water in this basin, based on the grants conceded and the current situation of water availability in the drainage area. From the results obtained, it was verified the situation of water unavailability in the Escuro River basin and that the greatest demands are destined for irrigation, animal quench and human consumption. In this way, the uses and occupation of land in the drainage basin are intrinsically related to the conflict over the use of water in the basin. It is suggested the implementation of coordinated actions that can attenuate conflict, increase soil and water conservation in the basin, as well as prioritize the local management of water resources.