Caracterização do primeiro genoma de Glutamicibacter creatinolyticus isolada de abscesso de uma égua

Abstract

Glutamicibacter creatinolyticus is a Gram-positive, non-motile coccus, no spore forming and inhabits various ecological niches. This bacterium is used in a variety of biotechnological processes, and may be regarded as an opportunistic pathogen, once it was isolated from humans isolated from humans. Very little data has been found in written literature regarding the study of the genomes of both its genus and the G. creatinolyticus species itself. In this work, we have sequenced the first genome of a G. creatinolyticus strain, named LGCM 259, which has been isolated from the subcutaneous nodules of a mare in Reggio di Calabria, in Italy. The DNA sequences obtained from strain LGCM 259 were assembled through an ab initio approach, resulting in a 3,3 Mb chromosome. Comparative genomic analyses were performed between LGCM 259 and other species from the Glutamicibacter genus, isolated from different environments, including plants, cheese and soil. These species’ complete sequences were available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. The LGCM 259 strain has a circular chromosome, 3,3 Mb in size, a GC content of 66,4%, 2882 CDSs, 4 rRNA clusters (5S, 16S and 23S), and 61 tRNA genes, respectively. The LGCM259_1698, LGCM259_0905 were found, which may be involved in the strain’s multi-drug resistance to rifampicin, elfamycin and fluoroquinolone. The G. creatinolyticus genome presented genes encoding for copper, arsenic, cobalt-zinc-cadmium, and chrome compost resistance, which are all severe environmental contaminants. The strain’s genome also displayed 23 genomic islands, which may contribute to its host adaptation. A comparative analysis seeking resistance genes showed that all selected strains harbor at least one gene encoding for rifampicin resistance and that some genomic islands are shared between all genomes, but many of them were unique for each species. Studying the G. creatinolyticus genome may lead to a better understanding of its genomic islands, antibiotic resistance genes, acquisition/loss of genes that may be involved in host adaptation, acquisition of genes through Horizontal Gene Transfer events, and the role of these genes in host adaptation and bacterial virulence. Additionally, studying these species may lead to new treatment and diagnosis strategies.