Perfil de citocinas em recém-nascidos prematuros utilizando amostras de sangue coletadas em papel filtro: correlação com desfechos clínicos desfavoráveis

Abstract

Introduction: Early identification of cytokines may favor clinical management and the adoption of preventive measures. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL10, Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) and Stimulating Factor of Granulocyte and Mast Cell Colonies (GMCSF) in the first three hours of life of preterm newborns through blood collection on filter paper. Methods: Prospective observational analytical study developed with 34 preterm infants with gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks. Measurements were made at 10, 60 and 180 minutes of life on filter paper. Used Bio-Plex Pro T Human Cytokine Standard 8 plex reagent, Group I BIO-RAD and readings performed through the Luminex 100. Results: There was an association between sepsis and the presence of IFN-γ and TNF-α at 10, 60 and 180 minutes of life. Association between sepsis and the presence of IL-6 was observed with 180 minutes. Reduced levels of GM-CSF in the first hour of life were related to hypothermia on admission to the neonatal unit (p=0.005). Conclusion: The detection of levels of cytokines in samples collected on filter paper showed to be viable in the first few hours of life with the following advantages: ease of collection, storage / transport and the use of small volumes. IFN-γ and TNF-α and IL-6 may be considered promising markers for the development of sepsis in this population. The reduction of levels of GM-CSF in hypothermic patients favoring neutropenia alerts the need for preventive care of this condition.