Diferença entre ganho de força e marcha em indivíduos que realizaram reabilitação precoce e tardia após artroplastia total de quadril: revisão da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Hip joint replacement surgery, hip arthroplasty is a possible treatment for hip arthrosis, and total hip joint replacement is expected to increase by 71% between the years 2018 to 2030. this surgery, may have lower gait speed and postoperative strength deficit of the hip musculature. Objective: to investigate whether there is a difference between strength and gait between individuals who underwent early and late rehabilitation after total hip arthroplasty. Methods: This is a literature review, where searches were performed in the PEDro, Medline and SciELO databases through articles published between the years 2004 and 2022, in English. Results: 6 articles were selected through the criteria in the databases. The result of the present research demonstrated that patients treated late show a higher percentage of improvement when compared to patients treated with early physical therapy. Patients who underwent physical therapy early on had percentages of improvement ranging from 7.18 to 25.5% by hospital discharge. On the other hand, patients who underwent physical therapy late obtained a higher percentage of improvement between 12.6 and 40.9%, but this result was measured from 5 to 12 weeks post-intervention. As for gait speed, patients who underwent physical therapy early showed 4.3% improvement on the 6th postoperative day. As for late rehabilitation, the percentage of improvement was 21.7% after 12 weeks of intervention. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that there are different responses, mainly in the muscle strength of patients who underwent early physiotherapy compared to patients who underwent late physiotherapy. The results are of paramount importance for further research to be carried out and improved for the improvement of professionals, being able to manage the recovery in the postoperative period, since the benefit of muscle strength and gait, can impact on other functions such as balance, being risk factor for injuries such as falls and reduced functionality. Therefore, it is hoped that the results of this review will encourage researchers to explore the topic and that they can contribute to clinicians in decision-making for the best moment of physical therapy intervention.