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Type:	Artigo de Periódico
Title:	Criteria for effective zero-deforestation commitments
Authors:	Rachel D. Garrett S. Levy Kimberly M. Carlson Toby Alan Gardner Javier Godar Jennifer Clapp Peter Dauvergne Robert Heilmayr Yann le Polain de Waroux Ben Ayre R. Barr B. Døvre Holly K. Gibbs Simon C. Hall S. Lake Jeffrey Milder Lisa Rausch Rodrigo Rivero Ximena Rueda R. Sarsfield Britaldo Silveira Soares-Filho Nelson Villoria
Abstract:	Zero-deforestation commitments are a type of voluntary sustainability initiative that companies adopt to signal their intention to reduce or eliminate deforestation associated with commodities that they produce, trade, and/ or sell. Because each company defines its own zero-deforestation commitment goals and implementation mechanisms, commitment content varies widely. This creates challenges for the assessment of commitment implementation or effectiveness. Here, we develop criteria to assess the potential effectiveness of zero-deforestation commitments at reducing deforestation within a company supply chain, regionally, and globally. We apply these criteria to evaluate 52 zero-deforestation commitments made by companies identified by Forest 500 as having high deforestation risk. While our assessment indicates that existing commitments converge with several criteria for effectiveness, they fall short in a few key ways. First, they cover just a small share of the global market for deforestation-risk commodities, which means that their global impact is likely to be small. Second, biome-wide implementation is only achieved in the Brazilian Amazon. Outside this region, implementation occurs mainly through certification programs, which are not adopted by all producers and lack third-party near-real time deforestation monitoring. Additionally, around half of all commitments include zero-net deforestation targets and future implementation deadlines, both of which are design elements that may reduce effectiveness. Zero-net targets allow promises of future reforestation to compensate for current forest loss, while future implementation deadlines allow for preemptive clearing. To increase the likelihood that commitments will lead to reduced deforestation across all scales, more companies should adopt zero-gross deforestation targets with immediate implementation deadlines and clear sanction-based implementation mechanisms in biomes with high risk of forest to commodity conversion.
Subject:	Biodiversidade - Conservação Sustentabilidade Ecologia Florestas Cadeia de suprimentos - Gerenciamento Agricultura
language:	eng
metadata.dc.publisher.country:	Brasil
Publisher:	Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Publisher Initials:	UFMG
metadata.dc.publisher.department:	IGC - DEPARTAMENTO DE CARTOGRAFIA
Rights:	Acesso Aberto
metadata.dc.identifier.doi:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.11.003
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/1843/52291
Issue Date:	Jan-2019
metadata.dc.url.externa:	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378018306654?via%3Dihub
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof:	Global Environmental Change
Appears in Collections:	Artigo de Periódico

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