Avaliação da citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade do óleo de copaíba (Copaifera Multijuga Hayne) e de formulação fitoterápica à base do óleo resina.

Abstract

Copaiba oil (Copaifera multijuga) and its herbal products are used worldwide, however knowledge about its safety is still limited, mainly in relation to genetic toxicity. Genotoxicity assays are those used to identify substances that have the ability to interact with deoxyribonucleic acid and generate changes in hereditary characteristics. These alterations may be related to the development and/or predisposition of diseases, increased mortality, hereditary mortality and reproductive problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicological profile of copaiba oil and its possible hepatic metabolites of a herbal formulation based on resin oil in accordance with the international guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 487 “Test Micronucleus in Cells of Mammals in vitro'' in murine V79-4 (with and without S9 mix) and human strains, HepG2. In addition, experiments were performed with propidium iodide (PI) in V79-4 cells with and without S9 to determine how the interaction of Copaifera multijuga with hepatic metabolism affected the mechanism of cell death and the DNA content of bacterial cells. Our results indicate that Copaifera multijuga oil generates cytotoxic and genotoxic hepatic metabolites in vitro. In addition, hepatic metabolism added a new toxicity profile to Copaiba and suggests a new mechanism of cell death by DNA fragmentation, which explains the greater toxicity observed in studies treated with S9 mix in relation to cells without hepatic biotransformation capacity. We also observed that Copaifera multijuga +S9 alters the (S) phase, the most critical stage of the cell cycle, related to a higher risk of adverse events and genetic toxicity. This comprehensive approach provides essential information for the safety of the population in the use of Copaifera ssp