Efeitos e fatores associados a mobilização ativa nas primeiras 24 horas pós artroplastia total de joelho

Abstract

The increase in life expectancy contributes to the increase of chronic degenerative diseases, among them osteoarthritis (OA). Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) shows satisfactory data in the correction of deformities and instabilities with origins related to severe degenerative, inflammatory or infectious processes that affect the biomechanics of the knee joint. The post-operative rehabilitation with a focus on accelerated mobilization is an accepted influencing factor in TKA and is part of a safe and improved care concept. The present study was therefore conducted to identify in the literature the effects and factors associated with the accelerated mobilization in post TKA patients. This is a literature's narrative review with a search for studies published up until May 2022. The outcomes assessed by the studies were: length of hospital stay, discharge destination, total cost of hospitalization, pain level, opioid consumption, occurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and lung infection, factors associated with mobilization, mobilization performance after TKA, and mobilization rate at (postoperative day zero) PO 0. From the results of the studies, it can be concluded that accelerated mobilization was beneficial in the outcomes: length of hospital stay, hospital expenses, pain level, opioid consumption, occurrence of DVT and pulmonary infection. Although being safe and beneficial, it is extremely important to have new studies that focus especially on the investigation of the effects of accelerated mobilization on motor outcomes and on the definition of the most effective protocol to reliably prove these effects and to observe long-term results.