Condições endócrinas e Covid-19: características dos pacientes sobreviventes pós terapia intensiva da cidade de Campina Grande

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19, caused by SARS-COV-2, was characterized as a pandemic in March 2020. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic to symptomatic infection from mild to critical. Advanced age and the presence of comorbidities are associated with a more severe course. The prevalent metabolic conditions were Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH), cardiovascular diseases, obesity and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). It is believed that SARS-COV-2 may induce long-term metabolic changes in infected patients. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the endocrine-metabolic status of patients who survived from severe forms of COVID-19 after hospitalizations in Intensive Care Units in the city of Campina Grande - Paraíba. In addition, to verify the sociodemographic and clinical data of the participants and the main endocrine-metabolic risk factors predictive of the occurrence of severe forms of the disease. METHODS: The study was observational, retrospective and prospective, and analytical. Data were collected from medical records at Hospital Municipal Pedro I and Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro. The patients were followed during the year 2021/2022 at the Endocrinology outpatient department of the Teaching Hospital and Research Laboratory (HELP). The statistics were carried out through descriptive analysis using absolute and relative frequencies, as well as the distribution of central tendency measures and dispersion. Appropriate statistical tests were used and p≤0.05 was accepted for rejection of the null hypothesis. This project was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee at UNIFACISA, under number 4,478,650. RESULTS: Forty-five patients were evaluated. Most were male (n=25; 55.6%), with a mean age of 52 years (DP=±12,3) and the most prevalent comorbidity was obesity (n=25; 55.6%), followed by SAH (n=18; 40.0%). The predominant pulmonary involvement in the Computed Tomography (CT) of the Chest ranged from 25 to 50% (n=20; 44.4%). The variables that were statistically significant were the association between ventilator support and length of stay (p = 0.011) and with CT findings (p=0.033). In the outpatient follow-up, new diagnoses of SAH were identified in 8 (17.8%) patients, Pre-Diabetes in 8 (17.8%), DM in 5 (11.1%) and Dyslipidemia in 4 (8.9%). CONCLUSION: There was an emergence of new endocrine-metabolic diseases in survivors of hospitalizations due to severe COVID-19, in the city of Campina Grande.