Efeito de palmilhas biomecânicas na cinemática do movimento durante a corrida: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Currently, we observe an exponential increase in the number of amateur and professional street racers in the world. The practice of running is related to health promotion, leisure option, search for aesthetic standards, or even maintenance of body mass. However, despite all the benefits provided by the practice, running is still a physical activity that has a high incidence of reported injuries. The risk of injury continues to be associated with maintaining balance in the sport of running and the concept of capacity and demand for the task, which is high, since ground reaction forces can exceed 3x the value of the individual's body mass in running. In an attempt to control excessive movements of the lower limbs in the ankle, knee and hip joints, and alterations in alignment such as excessive varus and movement such as increased pronation, insoles emerged. Biomechanical insoles emerged as a tool to control excessive movements and better control lower limb movements during running. The aim of this study is to carry out a literature review on the role of biomechanical insoles with medial wedge and lateral wedge in amateur and professional runners, addressing the materials used in their manufacture and their effects on running. A search was carried out for clinical trials and systematic reviews that addressed the subject published in the period from 2011 to 2021. It was observed the presence of a greater number of studies evaluating the influence of medial wedge insoles compared to lateral wedge insoles. This review showed some positive effects of insoles on the biomechanics of movement during running.