Descarte dos resíduos gerados na prática clínica da estomaterapia: construção de um infográfico

Abstract

Introduction: health care waste is generated during human and animal health care procedures. In Brazil, there are laws that regulate the proper management of this waste, according to the characteristics and risks present in its components. In the clinical practice of stomatherapy, procedures are carried out that include the care of individuals with wounded, ostomy (elimination, feeding and respiratory) and incontinence (urinary and fecal), with a variety of materials and inputs. Health professionals must be able to carry out or properly dispose of the health wastes in an appropriate place according to their classification. Correct handling promotes more conscious and sustainable practices and prevents contamination of the environment, in addition to preserving public health. Objective: to develop an infographic for the proper disposal of the types of waste generated in the clinical practice of stomatherapy. Method: this is a documentary analysis study, with a qualitative and exploratory approach, carried out in four distinct stages. In the first stages, we identified the waste that is generated in the three areas of stomatherapy; in the second stage, the legislations and regulations related to the management of federal, state and municipal health waste were surveyed. The third stage consisted of analyzing the content the identified documents on health waste management. In the fourth stage, we were established the recommendations of the discards the residues produced in the three areas of stomatherapy, according to the types and risks of the materials and inputs used in clinical practice. Result: 54 types of waste generated in the three areas of stomatherapy were listed: 25 from the ostomy, ranging from six to 13 per group; 15 of incontinence; 23 wounds, three of which were common to the three areas (procedure gloves, sterile gloves, bottle of skin protector). 14 documents were identified, 11 federal, one state and two referring to the city of Belo Horizonte. The classification of waste related to the wound area were: six chemical, eight biological, two sharps and seven without risk. Related to the ostomy were: 11 biological, eight without risk and six chemical. In incontinence they were: three biological, 10 without risk and two chemical. The infographic generated a page for each area of stomatherapy, measuring 25 x 20 cm, with 22 photosfor wounds, 20 for ostomy and 15 for incontinence. The infographic related the symbols and colors described in the legislation to facilitate recognition by the professional. A page was prepared for each stomatherapy area measuring 25 x 20 cm, with 22 photos for the wound area, 20 for the stoma and 15 for incontinence. Conclusion: the results produced in this study can contribute to better targeting the segregation of waste from nursing care in the clinical practice of stomatherapy and will serve as an important reference for consultation and knowledge of waste management standards for the multidisciplinary health team.