Desenvolvimento de metodologia de extração de rutina em frutos de fava-d’anta (Dimorphandra mollis Benth.)

Abstract

Fava-d'anta (Dimorphandra mollis Benth.), a native species from the Cerrado, is one of the plants most used by the pharmaceutical industry to obtain rutin. The extraction of rutin by the industry, from plant matrices, makes use of organic solvents. However, the use of these solvents poses risks to health and the environment. The use of less toxic and lower cost solvents is an alternative for the process, as in addition to preserving health, it contributes to the balance of the ecosystem. Thus, the objective of this work was to develop a sustainable technique for the extraction/purification of flavonoids from fava-d’anta fruits with a minimum of environmental impact. The method for obtaining the extract rich in flavonoids was based on steps that consist of the separation, purification and crystallization of rutin. From preliminary tests it was possible to establish reagents (salts and solvents) with low cost, toxicity and residue for the extraction process. The fava-d'anta fruits were collected, dried and stored until the moment of the process. Then, they were disintegrated and subjected to the hot extraction process, separation and precipitation of impurities with subsequent filtration. The last stage of the process consisted of the crystallization of the rutin by adjusting the pH of the solution. The extracts obtained were submitted to analysis by high performance liquid chromatography and the data obtained were submitted to multiple regression analysis. From the proposed technique, it was possible to obtain about 16.47% of extract enriched in flavonoids (39.55% of rutin) from immature fava-d’anta fruits and 11.14% (20.40% of rutin) from ripe fruits. Considering the aspects presented, it is concluded that it was possible to obtain a process of aqueous extraction of flavonoids from fava d'anta.