Neologismos do campo léxico-semântico LGBTQIA+ em textos publicitários: aplicações ao ensino do léxico

Abstract

One of the main characteristics of a natural language is its capacity for renewal and change. This dynamicity can be attested on two levels: in the obsolescence of lexias that fall into disuse and in the emergence of new words which are incorporated into the language. Regarding the second case, which is the focus of this research, it is necessary to consider that neology is an observable phenomenon at different linguistic levels, such as semantic, syntactic, morphological, phonological, pragmatic, and lexical, with the latter being the most evident. It is noteworthy that language has an intrinsic relationship with culture (EAGLETON, 2011), following a society’s evolution and the transformations that occur within it across various domains. Therefore, it is possible to observe the lexicon modifying itself to designate, through neologisms, new objects, and concepts as they arise. Based on the linguistic relationship between vocabulary and the changes that occur within a society, it is worth analyzing an expressive sector in which this word production is noted with significant frequency: the social groups. Of these, we highlight the LGBTQIA+ community (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual, and others), endowed with a peculiar linguistic behavior, whose specific vocabulary was the object of study in this dissertation, based on the notion of lexical-semantic field, in which the lexical units have an associative configuration, similar to a network or mosaic, at the language system level (GIL, 2016; FERREIRA, 2009). This established relationship was observed in this group speakers’ discourse, especially in advertising pieces directed at them, in which various neologisms were duly analyzed. In this sense, this study aimed to investigate neologisms of the lexical-semantic field that emerged in the LGBTQIA+ culture and to develop didactic activities that can be implemented in basic education classrooms, with the purpose of developing students' lexical competence. The research methodology, supported by relevant previous works (ALVES, 2007; FERRAZ, 2006, 2019, 2020), relied on the lexicographical criterion for the identification of neologisms, adopting type 4 school dictionaries, selected by PNLD-Dicionários, as an exclusion corpus, in addition to Aulete Digital on-line dictionary and Google Trends tool. By selecting texts from the advertising genre, gathered from electronic media, especially social networks, the extraction, description, and analysis of the neologisms were conducted. Regarding lexical teaching in the classroom, we propose didactic activities in which vocabulary is explored through the development of lexical competence, rather than a reductionist lexical study restricted to the analysis of word formation processes, as seen in certain Portuguese textbooks (ANTUNES, 2012, 2014)