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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/61273
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dc.creatorTegemeo Gavanapt_BR
dc.creatorWinifrida P. Mponzipt_BR
dc.creatorMarceline F. Findapt_BR
dc.creatorHalfan S. Ngowopt_BR
dc.creatorFredros O. Okumupt_BR
dc.creatorJohnson K. Swaipt_BR
dc.creatorEmmanuel W. Kaindoapt_BR
dc.creatorKhamis Kifungopt_BR
dc.creatorAlvaro Eduardo Eiraspt_BR
dc.creatorElis Paula de Almeida Batistapt_BR
dc.creatorNancy S. Matowopt_BR
dc.creatorPeter O. Sangoropt_BR
dc.creatorArnold Sadikiel Mmbandopt_BR
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-22T20:35:02Z-
dc.date.available2023-11-22T20:35:02Z-
dc.date.issued2022-07-25-
dc.citation.volume17pt_BR
dc.citation.issue7pt_BR
dc.citation.spagee0271833pt_BR
dc.citation.epage13pt_BR
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271833pt_BR
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1843/61273-
dc.description.resumoBackground Understanding mosquito biting behaviours is important for designing and evaluating protection methods against nuisance biting and mosquito-borne diseases (e.g. dengue, malaria and zika). We investigated the preferred biting sites by Aedes aegypti and Anopheles arabiensis on adult volunteers in standing or sleeping positions; and estimated the theoretical protection limits affordable from protective clothing or repellent-treated footwear. Methods Adult volunteers dressed in shorts and t-shirts were exposed to infection-free laboratory-reared mosquitoes inside screened chambers from 6am to noon (for day-biting Ae. aegypti) or 6pm to midnight (night-biting An. arabiensis). Attempted bites on different body parts were recorded. Comparative observations were made on same volunteers while wearing sandals treated with transfluthrin, a vapour-phase pyrethroid that kills and repels mosquitoes. Results An. arabiensis bites were mainly on the lower limbs of standing volunteers (95.9% of bites below the knees) but evenly-distributed over all exposed body surfaces when the volunteers were on sleeping positions (only 28.8% bites below knees). Ae. aegypti bites were slightly concentrated on lower limbs of standing volunteers (47.7% below knees), but evenly-distributed on sleeping volunteers (23.3% below knees). Wearing protective clothing that leave only hands and head uncovered (e.g. socks + trousers + long-sleeved shirts) could theoretically prevent 78–83% of bites during sleeping, and at least 90% of bites during non-sleeping hours. If the feet are also exposed, protection declines to as low as 36.3% against Anopheles. The experiments showed that transfluthrin-treated sandals reduced An. arabiensis by 54–86% and Ae. aegypti by 32–39%, but did not change overall distributions of bites. Conclusion Biting by An. arabiensis and Ae. aegypti occur mainly on the lower limbs, though this proclivity is less pronounced in the Aedes species. However, when hosts are on sleeping positions, biting by both species is more evenly-distributed over the exposed body surfaces. High personal protection might be achieved by simply wearing long-sleeved clothing, though protection against Anopheles particularly requires covering of feet and lower legs. The transfluthrin-treated footwear can reduce biting risk, especially by An. arabiensis. These findings could inform the design and use of personal protection tools (both insecticidal and non-insecticidal) against mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases.pt_BR
dc.format.mimetypepdfpt_BR
dc.languageporpt_BR
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal de Minas Geraispt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentICB - DEPARTAMENTO DE PARASITOLOGIApt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentICB - INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLOGICASpt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsUFMGpt_BR
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS ONEpt_BR
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopt_BR
dc.subjectDenguept_BR
dc.subjectMaláriapt_BR
dc.subjectCulicidaept_BR
dc.subject.otherDenguept_BR
dc.subject.otherMaláriapt_BR
dc.subject.otherCulicidaept_BR
dc.titleObserving the distribution of mosquito bites on humans to inform personal protection measures against malaria and dengue vectorspt_BR
dc.typeArtigo de Periódicopt_BR
dc.url.externahttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0271833pt_BR
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0122-0550pt_BR
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0144-0422pt_BR
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-0261pt_BR
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