Ampliação de acesso e qualidade em saúde mental infantojuvenil: um projeto de intervenção nas instituições educacionais de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 2023

Abstract

Over the past few years, epidemiological studies have pointed to a high prevalence of psychological distress with an increase in depression and anxiety in adolescents in several countries. With the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the scenario has become favorable for the development of psychological distress in children and adolescents. Studies show an increase in anxiety and depression disorders in children and adolescents in the educational environment in the post-pandemic period. Moreover, low levels of quality of mental health care are observed due to the unpreparedness of professionals to meet the demands of mental health, because the current care aims only at the remission of symptoms, which in the long run may promote the chronification and loss of quality of life. Moreover, the rights sanctioned by the 1988 Constitution and the 2002 Child and Adolescent Statute are violated, compromising the quality of education, medical care, and rehabilitation. From this context, we propose an intervention project to be executed by an integrated and multidisciplinary team, which aims at the continuous training of Primary Health Care professionals, education managers, teachers from public and private education networks, in order to increase the access and the quality of health care for children and adolescents. Initially a literature review was carried out using the databases Medline, Google Scholar, Portal de Periódicos da Capes, Scielo, filtering full texts in English and Portuguese, published in the last 15 years, and using as descriptors: "mental disorders", "child and adolescent" and "pandemic COVID-19". A total of 410 articles were found; 93 articles were from Medline, 44 from Scielo, 89 from Portal de periódicos CAPES, and 184 from Google Scholar. After reading the abstracts and applying the inclusion criteria (epidemiological studies that used validated instruments for diagnosis according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - DSM - V), 152 articles were selected for full reading, of which 121 were included in this study. From the bibliographical research the problems were raised as the exponential increase of mental disorders in children and adolescents, compromising the quality of education, medical care and rehabilitation, vulnerability of the care of children and adolescents, lack of technology and preparation for its use in the context of mental health. After mapping problems an action plan was built which systematizes and organizes all the steps of the intervention project.