Avaliação do efeito probiótico de Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I- 3856 na resposta inflamatória induzida experimentalmente por Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica sorovar Typhimurium

Abstract

Salmonellosis are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in humans, especially in developing countries. Salmonella infections are responsible for approximately 2.8 billion cases annually, ranging from mild gastroenteritis (non- typhoidal Salmonella) to severe systemic disease (typhoidal Salmonella). Classically, salmonellosis can be treated with antibiotics. In recent decades, however, this gold standard of treatment has shown to be less effective, due to the alarming increase in antibiotic-resistant strains, the effects of these drugs on the host's intestinal microbiota, in addition to the diarrhea associated with the use of antibiotics. In this context, the search for new therapeutic alternatives is of great importance. Due to the role played by the intestinal microbiota in maintaining the homeostasis of the body, probiotics have been identified as a potential therapeutic alternative, since they are able to modulate the immune system and provide protection against the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. In vitro and in vivo investigations have shown the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of some probiotic strains compared to the challenge by Salmonella. Although the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 strain has shown efficacy in the control and treatment of some diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome and vulvovaginal candidiasis, there is no scientific data to evidence its probiotic effect on the control of salmonellosis, which makes it an unprecedented and highly promising object of study. The aim of this work was to evaluate the probiotic effect of S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 on the inflammatory response experimentally induced by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium. The results showed that the oral treatment with the yeast was able to reduce the mortality rate, bacterial translocation to the liver and spleen, intestinal permeability, sIgA levels and recruitment of neutrophils and eosinophils to the sites of infection, in addition to attenuating the damage to the intestinal mucosa and liver of animals. In view of the foregoing, we conclude that the yeast S. cerevisiae CNCM I- 3856 has the potential to be considered as a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of salmonellosis.