Comparação entre o Índice de Massa Corporal tradicional e o Índice de Massa Corporal ajustado em adolescentes e sua associação com fatores relacionados ao risco cardiovascular

Abstract

Teenagers have become concerns due to high rates of overweight and obesity, but the assessment of nutritional status is a complicated task. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is the most widely used method, but has some limitations. The BMI adjusted for fat mass, proposed by Mialich et al., it is a diagnostic alternative. To evaluate the association between BMI adjusted for fat mass and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents, making sure that this index presents diagnostic superiority in this population compared to the traditional BMI. Cross-sectional study of 403 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years, with 185 male and 218 female enrolled in public and private elementary schools, living in the city of Juiz de Fora/MG. The evaluation was performed using a questionnaire including demographic information, anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference and body composition), biochemical (glucose and triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions), sexual maturation and physical activity frequency. We verified that 20% of adolescents exhibited overweight and 12.5% obese. It was observed that all the parameters correlated to BMI adjusted for fat mass is related to the traditional BMI. Both indices are good assessment tools, but the inclusion of the variable fat mass BMI does not show significant difference in the diagnosis of overweight and obesity among adolescents.