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Type:	Artigo de Periódico
Title:	Social inequalities in the surrounding areas of food deserts and food swamps in a brazilian metropolis
Authors:	Olivia Souza Honório Milene Cristine Pessoa Lúcia Helena Almeida Gratão Luana Lara Rocha Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro Daniela Silva Canella Paula Martins Horta Larissa Loures Mendes
Abstract:	Background: Food deserts are neighborhoods with little or no access to healthy food, whereas food swamps are neighborhoods where unhealthy food options prevail over healthy ones. The main aims of the current study are to feature and compare the neighborhoods of food deserts and food swamps based on social inequality. Methods: Ecological study carried out in Belo Horizonte City, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Information about commercial food establishments derived from two different databases. It was measured by secondary governmental databases, which were virtually conferred in the present study. Census tracts were considered as analysis units and classified as food deserts and food swamps, based on the Brazilian methodology. Take into consideration the density of establishments classified as selling fresh or minimally-processed food, mixed establishments, and establishments selling ultra-processed food. The Brazilian methodology evaluates food deserts by the density of healthy establishments (establishments classified as mostly selling fresh or minimally-processed food and mixed establishments) per 10 thousand inhabitants. And the metric to evaluate food swamps considers the density of unhealthy establishments (establishments mostly selling ultra-processed food) per 10 thousand inhabitants. Information about social inequalities comprised aspects such as income, population count, number of households, number of literate individuals, race, water and energy supply, and garbage collection. The Health Vulnerability Index (HVI) was used as a synthetic social vulnerability indicator. Results: Neighborhoods of food deserts presented worse essential service availability, lower income per capita, and smaller mean number of literate individuals. Census tracts classified as food swamps presented better sociodemographic conditions than those areas food deserts. Neighborhoods simultaneously classified as food deserts and food swamps presented lower income per capita and were more often observed in census sectors presenting medium and high HVI. Conclusion: The food environment in Belo Horizonte was featured by the strong presence of food deserts and food swamps. However, the potential influence of these areas on food intake has changed depending on social inequalities.
Subject:	Desertos Alimentares Fatores Socioeconômicos Alimentação no Contexto Urbano Política Pública Características da Vizinhança
language:	eng
metadata.dc.publisher.country:	Brasil
Publisher:	Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Publisher Initials:	UFMG
metadata.dc.publisher.department:	ENF - DEPARTAMENTO DE ENFERMAGEM MATERNO INFANTIL E SAÚDE PÚBLICA ENF - DEPARTAMENTO DE NUTRIÇÃO MED - DEPARTAMENTO DE GINECOLOGIA OBSTETRÍCIA
Rights:	Acesso Aberto
metadata.dc.identifier.doi:	10.1186/s12939-021-01501-7
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/1843/66688
Issue Date:	21-Jul-2021
metadata.dc.url.externa:	https://equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12939-021-01501-7#availability-of-data-and-materials
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof:	International Journal for Equity in Health
Appears in Collections:	Artigo de Periódico

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