Glossário da atividade extrativista no estado do acre: instrumentos de trabalho, alimentação, ervas e lendas

Abstract

This paper presents the partial results of the postdoctoral training project developed in the Postgraduate Program in Linguistic Studies of the Federal University of Minas Gerais – UFMG, whose goal is to elaborate the Glossary of extractivist jargon, based on the research developed in the 90s and carried out by the Center for Dialectological Studies of Acre at the Federal University of Acre. It uses as theoretical basis the contributions of Lexicology, Lexicography, Dialectology, and Sociolinguistics. The lexicographic method was used to create the glossary. The methodology adopted was the field research, with interviews conducted, through a lexical semantic questionnaire on the extractive activity that ranged from family life to productive activity, a way to produce rubber until the commercialization process. In this paper we will describe only the lexical fields of the working tools, some herbs and myths of the forest (MACEDO, 2017). After the interviews, the graphematic transcriptions were made and part of them published by Lessa (2002). The corpus is composed of 45 surveys organized and published by Lessa (2002) collected in the regions of the Valleys of Acre, Purus and Juruá and the Dissertation of Macêdo Sousa (2004), as well as 10 hours of unpublished recordings obtained during a research carried out by the author as a member of CNPq (The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) Scientific Improvement Scholar. It is based on the theoretical basis of Welker (2005), Biderman (1984), Isquerdo and Oliveira (2007), and Camacho (2008), on Lexicography and Lexicology; Pottier (1974), on lexias ; and Cardoso (2010) and Mota e Cardoso (2006), on Dialectology; in addition to the model of entry of Macêdo (2012) and Cunha (1982), for the etymological classification. The ARCGIS technique was used for the preparation of the linguistic charts. The results are presented through a glossary, tables, graphs and lexical charts. The lexias on the instruments of the seringueiro are classified in: 1. Simple: toco, cabilho, prancha, borracha, oito, tigela, vasilha, poronga, lamparina; 2. Compound: pano virgem, pano vadiando, quebra jejum, perna direita, perna esquerda, margem direita, margem esquerda 3. Complex: lâmina de seringa, faca de seringa, cabo de arame, faca de seringa, lâmina de seringa, vasilha de colher, pé de bode, pé de burro, among others. They are classified according to their origins (Latin, Spanish, Greek, Italian, French or unknown), in addition to the lexis and dicarization of dictionaries and dictionaries with a different meaning. Regarding the herbs, some were selected, such as: Chá de Alfavaca, Eucalipto, Casca da Copaíba, among others. Regarding the entities of the forest were found: Caboclinho da mata, Mãe da seringueira, Mãe d’água, Caipora, Mapingari, Pai da Mata. The results show a total of approximately 138 lexias, being: 29 related to the working tools of the rubber tappers, 33 related to food, 26 names of herbs used to cure malaria, fever, flu, throat inflammation, among others, and finally, six specific legends of the Amazon region. It is important to register and rescue the vocabulary of the activity that colonized the State of Acre in order to identify the regional culture and contribute to the teaching of Portuguese language and regional dialectology and lexicography.