Restrição de fluxo sanguíneo e pré-condicionamento isquêmico: aspectos metodológicos e fisiológicos relacionados ao desempenho no esporte

Abstract

The complexity of sports performance, explores innovative strategies for its optimization. Ischemic preconditioning involves short episodes of ischemia before sporting events, presenting potential for improvement in physical valences or physiological responses such as resistance, oxygen consumption and recovery. Despite positive evidence, there are gaps in understanding the mechanisms and clinical application of ischemic preconditioning. Objective: to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of the ischemic preconditioning technique and its influence on sports performance. Methodology: A search included databases such as PubMed and Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria covered studies published in the last five years, investigating the effect of PCI in athletes, evaluating acute and/ or specific effects, and providing details on protocols such as cuff pressure and duration of the ischemia/reperfusion cycle. The screening was carried out using titles and abstracts, followed by the full reading of the selected articles. A data extraction form recorded essential information for each study, such as authors, year of publication, objective, population, IPC protocol, performance measures and main results. Results: The studies reviewed indicate that IPC has the potential to improve several aspects of sports performance, including fatigue resistance, maximal oxygen consumption, muscle strength and post-exercise recovery. However, there is variation in the observed effects, contributing to the complexity of the underlying physiological mechanisms. There are still gaps in knowledge, especially with regard to clinical application in different laws and more specific IPC protocols. Conclusion: Although ischemic preconditioning demonstrates potential to improve sports performance, understanding its consequences. physiological mechanisms and their clinical applicability still require more research.