Atividade minerária e a dinâmica migratória em Conceição do Mato Dentro/MG

Abstract

The history of the city of Conceição do Mato Dentro(CMD) is similar to the reality of many other mining towns at Minas Gerais state, mainly with the gold mining in the XVIII century. Nowadays the city is the center of investments in a region where the economy is based on ecological tourism and iron ore exploitation. However, there are a lot of controversy and questions about the actual role of mining in the development of the territory where occurs: economies based in mining have more problems than advantages to drive the process of economic and social development? Can the mining to limit the ability of expansion of other productive sectors? Or is it an propulsor factor to development? Aside from the controversy over this issue, the fact is that the mining activities generate impact (positive and negative) and, often, the demographic official census data do not measure this dynamic in the short term. This article, aimed to analyze the case of the mining municipality of Conceição do Mato Dentro, aims to analyze the potential impacts of mining activity in migratory and economic dynamics location. However, the data were extracted of the Demographic Census (2000 and 2010) and of the Annual Social Information (RAIS 2006-2012), including another official institutions. In general, it was noted that the changes observed in the Census data were not sensitive to the current reality, indicating, for example, negative growth rates and small increases in the flow of migrants bound for the municipality of Conceição do Mato Dentro. However, the more recent official datas demonstrate the considerable increase in the amount of the total fleet (includes bus, motocycle, car, truck and minibus), the GDP, the municipal levy and companies and employees related to the mining sector, mainly in civil construction and trade and services. The last two sectors demonstrated relative Increase of 333 % and 102% from 2006 to 2012, respectively.