Técnicas de recuperação no esporte e sua eficácia: revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Post-exercise recovery consists of restoring the body's systems to their basal condition, providing, in theory, a lower susceptibility to loss, thus making it fundamentally transforming into a process of physical activity and, subsequent injury prevention, for high-level athletes. high performance and recreational. Objective - To survey the main techniques used by physiotherapy for muscle recovery in sport and to observe the effectiveness of methods for late-onset muscle pain (DMIT), perceived fatigue, muscle damage and inflammatory markers after physical exercise. Methodology - Through a narrative review of the literature, studies were published in English and Portuguese, from 1998 to 2020, in the databases Medline, Scielo, Lilacs and PEDro as well as, on websites of specialized institutions, theses and dissertations. In addition, citations about recovery in sport were also selected; crosssectional studies, systematic reviews and prospective studies. Results - In view of these criteria, 18 studies were selected to support this work. Through the survey, it was observed that the main techniques in the treatment of reduction of late muscle pain, muscle damage and inflammatory markers are cryotherapy, massage, contrast therapy, active recovery and compression technique, among these techniques, massage was the one that achieved the best effects in all observed parameters. Cryo-immersion is also effective in reducing muscle damage and inflammatory markers after physical activity in high-performance athletes. Conclusion - Massage seems to be the most effective method to reduce DMIT and perceived fatigue.