Tratamento conservador das lesões do ombro em nadadores competitivos: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Shoulder injuries are recurrent in high-performance swimmers due to the high demand on this joint in this sport. Such injuries can lead to chronic pain, performance limitations, and even withdrawal from sports practice. Conservative treatment, aimed at relieving pain, improving posture, and increasing strength, is crucial for rehabilitation and injury prevention. Exercise programs, combined with manual therapy, have shown promise. However, the literature on the effectiveness of these approaches in swimmers is limited, highlighting the need for further research to guide clinical practice. Objective: To conduct a literature review on conservative treatment options for shoulder injuries in competitive swimmers. Methodology: Literature review, conducted between May and August 2023, using specific English descriptors related to shoulder injuries and swimming. Searches were performed in the PubMed and PEDro databases, focusing on studies published in the last 20 years, in English, on conservative treatments for shoulder injuries in competitive swimmers. Studies with non-competitive swimmers, other aquatic sports, or focusing on surgical treatment were excluded. The selection of studies involved two phases of evaluation by independent reviewers and the extraction of relevant data for further analysis. Results: A total of 96 no studies were found on PubMed and 12 studies on PEDro. The articles excluded after reading the titles and abstracts did not meet the established inclusion criteria. After this analysis, 9 studies were included. Conclusion: The studies reviewed show that exercises, stretching and postural work can benefit athletes, reducing pain, correcting posture and preventing injuries. Despite the gains, there is a lack of research, indicating the need for more studies in the area.