Diagnóstico ambiental e abordagem geológica no trecho do Rio São Francisco entre Pirapora e Barra do Guaicuí

Abstract

The São Francisco River Basin encompasses five states and is of great value to the country, essential for agriculture, industry, water consumption in cities and electricity generation. The regions along the course of the São Francisco River have disparate socio-economic conditions and the water crisis faced in these areas is cause for alarm. The São Francisco River transposition project was designed to bring water to the Northeast, which is a region of the Federative Republic of Brazil that faces greater difficulty in accessing water. The study area is located in the São Francisco River Basin, in São Francisco Management Unit 6 (SF6), on the São Francisco River between the municipalities of Pirapora and Barra do Guaicuí. The aim of this study was to diagnose the environmental condition of the stretch of the São Francisco River between Pirapora-MG and Barra do Guaicuí. Descriptive research was the method employed, through a bibliographical review of the relevant content; analysis of satellite images from Google Earth and geoprocessing in QGis of the images obtained with the geomorphological description of the São Francisco River. Climatological data provided by INMET was also collected and analysed for the years 2021 to 2023. The results found in the images were compatible with the presence of silted areas in the stretch of the São Francisco River, with eight points standing out. The analysis of the climatological data enabled the construction of the Water Balance. With the results found and the conclusion that siltation causes environmental impacts, measures to mitigate the environmental impact were defined, including preventive and corrective measures, as well as the delivery of maps, graphs and tables in the form of an academic product.