Aplicação de imagens do CBERS 04a para o mapeamento de edificações em áreas protegidas no município de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais

Abstract

Land grabbing in Brazilian municipalities is characterized by the existence of buildings in protected areas (Pioli & Rossin 2006), with buildings being understood as any covered structure that houses human activities, excluding other urban uses such as streets, paved areas, dams, power plants, bridges, and any other structures. In the municipality of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, the consolidation of this type of occupation occurs in environmentally fragile areas (Oliveira 2010), where disorderly intervention can compromise natural resources, cause disasters, destroy biodiversity, alter hydrology, and trigger changes in relief, vegetation, and soil characteristics (De Rodrigues & De Faria 2009, Silva et al. 2008, Santos 2015). Thus, there is a need to understand where in the municipality this type of occupation occurs, analyzing the areas in which the federative entities and their legal provisions prohibit the presence of buildings, or create restrictions on their existence. In this sense, this work sought to use high spatial resolution images from the WPM camera, on board the CBERS 04A orbital satellite, in addition to Digital Image Processing techniques and Geoprocessing tools, to identify buildings in legally protected areas in the municipality of Ouro Preto.