Políticas públicas e autonomia tecnológica: caminhos possíveis para a preservação audiovisual e para o acesso à filmografia superoitista nordestina

Abstract

This thesis aims to promote an analysis of the audiovisual preservation structure in the Northeast region of Brazil, with the intention of understanding if there is a lack of state public policies for the sector and how this fact would impact audiovisual safeguarding institutions and the consequent preservation of this heritage. To this end, we propose an investigation that utilizes Pierre Bordieu's theory of fields and is outlined through three axes: the dynamics of State and cultural agents' actions; the teaching of audiovisual preservation in Northeastern higher education institutions, and finally, the work of audiovisual safeguarding institutions in the region. In order to deepen the discussion about the Northeastern cinemateques, a case study was conducted, which encompassed the Cinemateca de Pernambuco and the Cinemateca da Bahia. This study was carried out through the application of the same questionnaire at two different times, with a temporal interval of about two years, aiming to monitor the management of these spaces. We also present the experience report of the project Cinemaquina: memoria em movimento, developed to promote technological autonomy in accessing super-8 films through the construction of a low-cost digitization machine, framed within the terms of technical and social adaptation (AST). Through a partnership with the People's Palace Project, a British artistic research institution, and with the Observatório Itaú Cultural, a research space dedicated to culture, preliminary data regarding the impacts generated by the Cinemaquina Aberta workshop, an integral part of this project, were presented. Finally, the investigations conducted indicated that, although the Northeast is a region lacking public policies for audiovisuals, each state is at a different stage of action in favor of preserving its audiovisual heritage. It was also verified the need for greater participation of universities and cultural agents in defense of this field. Regarding audiovisual preservation institutions, the mapping carried out indicated that the number of safeguarding institutions is not sufficient to ensure audiovisual preservation in the region, and that those already existing need an administrative restructuring that can only be conducted through state public policies directed at these cultural facilities. Regarding Cinemaquina, the research pointed out the potential of using the project in educational environments, as well as the positive impact produced on the participants of the aforementioned workshop, providing them - among other things - with the perception that audiovisual preservation is a profession to be considered and the necessary confidence to develop activities related to the field.