Avaliação da fibrina rica em trombócitos (FRT) no tratamento de defeito ósseo monocortical experimental em tibiotarso de galinhas doméstica (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Abstract

Platelet-rich fibrin is a cheap and easy-to-make alternative for use in routine veterinary clinics. Platelets are capable of releasing, when activated, several growth factors (GF), which will contribute to the regeneration of soft and bone tissues. GF have the ability to stimulate the multiplication and chemotaxis of several cells responsible for the regeneration of the tissue where they are acting. Birds do not have platelets, their counterpart being thrombocytes, which basically have the same function in their body. Thrombocyte-rich fibrin (TRF) is little studied within veterinary medicine and little is known about its influence on wound regeneration. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the regenerative efficacy of TRF in a monocortical bone defect in the tibiotarsus of chickens. Thirty chickens were used, divided into two groups: treatment (T=15 animals) and control (C=15 animals). The animals were anesthetized and after an antisepsis protocol, a 4mm diameter hole was made with the aid of a bone drill and an intramedullary pin in the proximal portion of the medial surface of the tibiotarsus. In the treatment group (n=15), a single dose of approximately 0.3ml of TRF was applied to the lesion site. In the control group (n=15), the same bone defect was performed, but without any other intervention. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups, with five birds, according to the evaluation time of 10, 20 and 30 days. The birds were x-rayed and the lesion was evaluated histologically at each evaluation time. Although, radiographically, the treatment group showed a more accelerated tendency for bone regeneration, statistically there was no difference (p>0.05). In the histological evaluation, the treatment group showed a slight increase in some variables evaluated (osteoblasts, osteoid matrix and bone trabeculae). In the evaluation of relative bone density (RBD), the treatment group showed superiority in the evaluation at 30 days, with a statistical difference (p<0.05). Preliminary results from this work suggest a tendency that TRF can accelerate the tissue regeneration process.