Medidas de análise de desempenho do goleiro de handebol

Abstract

Handball is a team sport characterized by intense interaction among players, where the goalkeeper plays a crucial role in defending against opponents' attacks, preventing the opposing team from scoring. The aim of this study is to analyze the importance of anthropometric, physical, tactical, cognitive, and psychological aspects in the performance of handball goalkeepers, emphasizing how these factors contribute to efficiency in key moments of the game. Specifically, it seeks to identify which characteristics most influence the goalkeeper's performance, investigate how these aspects relate to the demands of the position, and understand their impact in high-performance competition contexts. The guiding research question is: which anthropometric, physical, tactical, cognitive, and psychological factors are essential for efficient performance of handball goalkeepers in competitive contexts? The methodology used was a bibliographic literature review, covering studies conducted over the past 20 years (2004-2024) based on articles and theses available in PubMed, SciElo, and Google Scholar databases in Portuguese and English. For study selection, the descriptors "handball" and "goalkeeper" were combined with the terms "efficiency," "characteristics," "performance," "outcome," and "evaluation." The results indicate that anthropometric characteristics, such as height and wingspan, as well as physical strength, quick reaction ability, spatial perception, and emotional control, are essential factors for goalkeeper performance. It is concluded that the integration of these aspects is fundamental for the athlete’s success, especially in high-performance contexts, where the goalkeeper must handle intense pressure and make quick, accurate decisions.