Efeito da cannabis nos sintomas motores em pacientes com doença de Parkinson: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra in the brain. The main motor symptoms are: Bradykinesia, tremor, muscle rigidity, imbalances and postural and non-motor changes: neuropsychiatric, sleep, autonomic and sensory disorders. Objective: This study aims to review the literature on the effects of cannabis on motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Methods: The study consists of a narrative review of the literature, where searches were carried out in the Medline databases via BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em saúde), Pubmed and PEDro databases. The search terms were: <Parkinson Disease= and<Cannabis*= and similar terms, considering publications between 2000 and 2023,applying the randomized clinical trial filter in all databases. Randomized clinical trials that investigated the effects of cannabis on motor symptoms in individuals diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease were included; articles found in duplicate in diferente databases were excluded. Results: A total of 6 articles were included in this review, with two studies showing that cannabidiol has positive effects on motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease, CBD reduced tremor and dyskinesia, and two studies on non-motor symptoms, anxiety and quality of life. The intervention was well tolerated. Conclusion: Due to the limited number of clinical trials, different treatment regimens, and small sample sizes, there is still insufficient data to support the use of cannabis for motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. More clinical research is needed to understand the therapeutic effect of cannabis on PD motor symptoms and its long-term effects.