Ensaio neurobiológico, validade e desenvolvimento do Protocolo de Intervenção Musicoterapêutica Nas Afasias – PIMAFs.

Abstract

Aphasia is a language disorder that may involve impaired comprehension or expression of words or nonverbal equivalents of words, resulting from disturbances in the language centers in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia, or in the white matter pathways that connect them. Stroke is classically characterized as a neurological deficit attributed to an acute focal lesion of the central nervous system (CNS) and is the main cause of aphasia. Music-based interventions have great potential in stroke rehabilitation, enabling viable enriched environments. Listening to music is associated with improved cognitive and mood in post stroke patients, involving changes in frontal and limbic regions of the brain. The main objective of this work is to develop a clinical music therapy intervention protocol to serve people with diverse clinical pictures of chronic classical aphasia. This research presents the Music Therapy Intervention Protocol for Aphasia – PIMAFs as a sufficiently broad tool, capable of covering the variety of chronic classical aphasic demands, presenting preserved language comprehension and impairment in speech and language expression. In addition, the study addressed the content validity of the protocol, proposed the investigation of biological markers, and performed a feasibility analysis of the suggested music therapy tests. The use of the musical parameters melody and rhythm, both in the development of PIMAFs and in its evaluation, points to the hypothesis that rhythm and melody used within structured and standardized music therapy activities favor the rehabilitation of patients with aphasia, or, at least, lead to an improvement in the preexisting clinical condition. PIMAFs, in general, is a protocol that encompasses benefits to patients with aphasia resulting from stroke in several aspects, not only in the scope of speech and language, despite having been constructed with this perspective in mind.