Arquitetura vernacular: estudo de caso Vila do Elesbão - Santana - AP : análise do habitar vernacular no ambiente construído e sua preservação

Abstract

This thesis was conducted in Santana city, that composes, with Macapa (the capitalstate), the Macapa metropolitan area. In order to analyze the multifaceted reality that circumscribes its vernacular architecture, and in the light at the urban Brazilian dynamic, we have studie the case of Vila Elesbão. This sites choice was justified since it chosen to be a National Historical and Artistic Heritage Institute IPHAN Cultural Landsmark. Weimers (2005) scientific methodology was combined with Carter's and Cromley (2005), in which the analysis starts with the big urban picture and process to identify the typical vernacular building characteristics that goes beyond those already identified by Weimer (housing types). Evaluating the village context, we have noticed that increasing urban pressure generated by neighboring housing and urban land expansion (more specifically from Porto de Santana), resulted in urban segregation or just spatial distinctions to existing cultural heritage conservation. Our results contrast with current public policies that consider exceptionality and cultural uniqueness to socially valuate a buildig. We obtained spatial data to compare parameters that consider the relevance of an exceptional stylistic and epistemological vernacular architecture. The interface between the current public policies and new forms and views allows strategies to be drawn in which is guaranteed the preservation of cultural heritage.