Movimentos migratórios e pendulares na RMBH: o caso de Betim no final do Século XX

Abstract

The intrametropolitan migrations were the major responsibles for the urban growth which took place inside the Metropolitan Area of Belo Horizonte (MABH) in the last decades. The migratory balances disclose a process of demographic inversion. In others words, the provincial capital has now a lower participation on the populational growth of the metropolis than the others towns of the entire MABH. The high growth rates verified in many metropolitan towns would be related to the precise intervention of two agents: the State and the imobiliary market.The State acted through the concentration of economic activities all around the provincial capital. In the forties, the raise of an industrial area, at the town of Contagem, began a whole process of industrialization that sinalized the urban growth through the western side of the MABH. On the other hand, the imobiliary speculation pressed the land price on the provincial capital, leading the poor individuals to move outside the limits of it. Nevertheless, these people still have a connection, specially an employment, with downtown. The town of Betim stands out as an example of statal intervention, which caused profound changes in the spatial organization of the MABH. The location of the large industrial areas made possible to it to become a national reference and a pole of populational attraction. At the same time, the imobiliary market profited from the low cost opportunities, investing in bare lands at this town. The aim of the present study is, using the data of the demographic census of 1991 and 2000, to analyze the intrametropolitan migrations involving the town of Betim. The emigrants from the inland of the province of Minas Gerais to Betim are going to be analyzed and also, through out the pendular mobility, the intrametropolitan migrations of Betim with Contagem and Belo Horizonte with regards to the labor market.