Predição de risco e incidência de olho seco em pacientes críticos

Abstract

Intensive care units inpatients have dry eye risk. They can present discomforts and visual damage related to the quantity or quality of the tears necessary to avoid instability on the tear film. They are also exposed to internal and external risk factors like sedation, coma, mechanical ventilation and ineffective eyelid closure, which may cause dry eye. The main aim of this study is to analyze the dry eye problem in adults Intensive care units inpatients of a public teaching hospital of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The secondary objectives are identify in the literature the risk factors to the development of dry eye in adults Intensive care units; estimate the incidence of dry eye; identify in clinical practice and create a model for the risk factors to the development of dry eye in adults Intensive care units. This is a concurrent cohort realized between march and june of 2014, with 230 Intensive care units inpatients. Simple frequencies and central tendency measures like mean, median and variability, like standard deviation, was used for the descriptive analysis. A bivariate survival analysis was used to verify the association of the risk factors until the development of the dry eye. The predictive model was extracted from a multivariate Cox hazard model. From the 230 patients in the study, 53 % develop dry eye, with a mean time of 3,5 days. The final model of risk prediction included the independent variables that had an significantly impact in the time until the occurrence of the dry eye. The variables ambient air, blink the eye more than 5 times in a minute and presence of vascular disease was significantly associated with the outcome in the model of risk prediction. The results reveal that the dry eye is a common find in adults Intensive care units inpatients.