Condições de trabalho e absenteísmo por doença entre os profissionais de enfermagem da rede municipal de saúde de Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais

Abstract

The study of absenteeism among nursing professionals has been the focus of several types of research. This is due to the fact that Brazil has a large contingent of its laborers and, the absences in the institutions affects the quality of health care and overburden the other members who remain in service. This may lead to iatrogenic in health care, and generate financial impact on the institution and the social security. The absenteeism due to sickness is one of the most discussed subjects, as it is an indicator of the health-disease process on laborers life. It should be noted that the scientific productions that include a more detailed statistical approach to the factors associated with absenteeism for illness among the nursing professionals, particularly exploiting labor conditions, are still scarce. For that reason, this study aims to analyze the independent factors related to the working conditions and absenteeism due to illness among nursing professionals at Rede Municipal de Saúde de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. It is a matter of analytical and transverse study, whose sample was composed of 297 nursing professionals of both genders, aged between 20 and 59 years old. It was also taken into consideration the sociodemographic aspects, lifestyle, health and work conditions. The absenteeism for illness reasons was identified through the question: "Have you had any medical license or been taken away from work for the last 12 months? A descriptive statistical analysis was performed (absolute and relative frequencies), bivariate (Chi-square test of Pearson) and multivariate analysis (Poisson regression), with a significant level of 5%. The prevalence of sickness absenteeism was high (45,1%). After the multivariate analysis of the data, it was detected a higher prevalence of absenteeism diagnosis of non-transmissible chronic disease and abuse/dependence on alcohol. On the other hand, having satisfactory working conditions was negatively associated with the outcome. The results of this study allow an advance on the scientific production available and make possible some adjustments of variables through the technique of multivariate analysis adequate for the design of the study. Additionally, it covers different sectors of professional performance. The importance of our findings to the health of the workers is emphasized in this study, as they can contribute to the elaboration of interventions that minimize absenteeism due to illness, since the factors associated with this outcome, for the most part, are modifiable.