Graus de satisfação com o processo de trabalho, sobrecarga laboral e atitudes de enfermeiros em serviços comunitários de atenção aos usuários de substâncias psicoativas: estudo correlacional

Abstract

The work in mental health is anchored in different paradigms, being fundamentally oriented by medical knowledge, from the perspective of classical psychiatry, or for the reinsertion, psychosocial rehabilitation and production of subjectivities, from the point of view of the Psychiatric Reform. In the different modalities of mental health services, the professionals' views about care must be consistent with the interdisciplinary work logic. In this context, it is not uncommon for nurses from the teams of Psychosocial Care Centers to care for users of alcohol and other drugs (CAPSad) if they perceive difficulties with interdisciplinary work and care centered on subjectivity. Thus, the literature indicates that such difficulties reflect on the degree of satisfaction of these professionals with work, workload and their attitudes toward users of psychoactive substances, alcohol and alcoholism. However, the relationship between the aforementioned issues has not yet been ascertained among nurses working in CAPSad in Belo Horizonte and in the metropolitan region. Objectives: to analyze the correlation between level of satisfaction with work, workload and attitudes of nurses working in CAPSad of Belo Horizonte and metropolitan region. Method: This is a transversal, exploratory and correlational study, with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 25 participants, of both sexes, aged between 20 and 60 years, from whom demographic data were collected; socioeconomic; work conditions; evaluation of job satisfaction; work overload and attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism and alcoholism. Statistical analysis (absolute and relative frequencies) and multivariate analysis (Poisson regression) were performed, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The results showed the prevalence of nurses with postgraduate degrees in public health and mental health, a finding that approached the statistical significance (p = 0.08). It was observed that 60% of the participating nurses felt exhausted; however, they obtained a low level of work overload. All participants declared themselves between the levels indifferent and satisfied with the work ( = 3.2), highlighting satisfaction with the relationship with the team. Finally, positive attitudes toward alcohol, alcoholism and alcoholism prevailed ( = 3.5). According to the regression, in the sample studied, job satisfaction was not associated with work overload and attitudes (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Although there is evidence in the literature about the relationship between work overload and job satisfaction, the divergent finding in this study is relevant, considering that the participants were trained for work in public health or mental health and were able to appropriate in the psychosocial field. The relevance of the academic and permanent training of the nurse was shown as a tool to reduce the difficulties that can negatively impact the workload, as well as to reflect positively on the satisfaction with the work in their attitudes toward the users of psychoactive substances.