As relações entre a qualidade de vida, a autopercepção de saúde e atividade física de adolescentes do município de Manhuaçu - MG

Abstract

The objective of the present Master's thesis was to analyze the relationship between quality of life, self-perception of health and physical activity of adolescents in the municipality of Manhuaçu, Minas Gerais. The presentation of this thesis incorporates a research project, a review article and an original research article. The research project outlines the design of the analytical cross-sectional study with random sampling stratified by school and composed of male and female adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years, all high school students from public and private schools in the urban area of Manhuaçu. The data were collected using questionnaires for subjects' profile, self-perception of health, quality of life (PedsQL version 4.0), and physical activity (short-version IPAQ). The review article consists of a search in the literature regarding three key thematic streams in adolescence: quality of life, self-perception of health and physical activity. The objective of the study was to describe and analyze the relevant scientific production on those themes, collecting important information with regard to the body of scientific knowledge produced over the last 10 years in order to inform reflections and contribute to the practice of education and health professionals in general. The review of the literature was conducted by searching the databases ADOLEC, LILACS and IBECS, and included articles published from 2002 to the present, using descriptors in Portuguese, English and Spanish related to quality of life, selfperception of health and physical activity. Twenty articles fulfilled the search criteria. The review demonstrated a positive relationship between physical activity and benefits for the quality of life and self-perception of health in adolescence. The original research article analyzes the relationship between quality of life, self-perception of health and physical activity of adolescents in the municipality of Manhuaçu through an observational analytical cross-sectional study with random sampling stratified by school including 334 high school students from the public and private schools located in the urban area of the municipality. Most adolescents evaluated their health as good and the mean score given to this item was 7. The quality of life of adolescents was positive and had an average 0.432. The highestscores were assigned to the social and physical domains, while the worst results were found in the emotional domain. The female students constituted the more vulnerable group in most aspects of quality of life, self-perception of health and level of physical activity. Physical activity showed no statistically significant association with quality of life and self-perception of health for the study sample. The present study contributes to advance the discussion in the field of health promotion with a view to improving the quality of life of the population from an early age.