Tabaco e sua relação com a doença periodontal

Abstract

This study evaluated the periodontal disease associated with smoking. From a review literature, was shown history of tobacco and the consequent global epidemic, the importance of periodontics as a specialty of the profession, the dangers of smoking at tissue and cellular periodontal, consequences, prevention. According to the literature periodontal disease has two distinct entities: gingivitis and periodontitis that have main cause plaque that may be associated with other factors, including tobacco. This is considered one of the most important risk factors, as it acts on the immune response, vasoconstriction in masking the disease, causes cytotoxicity in oral tissues, changes in oral microbiota and release of cotinine in saliva or gingival fluid. In general, the periodontal patients should be counseled about the practice of preventive measures as a proper brushing, flossing, complemented with a mouthrinse. However, studies indicate that in the casesmokers, if there is the collaboration of the User to cease smoking, anti-smoking programs either in or on his own, the results of periodontal therapy will always be poor compared to nonsmokers. Through this, the patients who smoke should always be informed about its limitations and consequential losses on periodontal over time, demonstrating the importance of participation active team of oral health in the antismoking campaigns. Whereas tobacco use is socially acceptable and affordable, the difficulty of moving habits, patient care periodontal smokers is a big challenge, so as to minimize the effects of smoking in those patients who are unwilling or unable to stop smoking is to obtain an effective approach.